It is calculated for each activity by subtracting the early finish date from the late finish date. Total Float vs Free Float is one of the most important concepts in PMP Certification training. If the total float is negative, then the task must be completed on time in order for the. 20-year+ experience in IT service management and operation. Total float = LS - ES or LF - EF Free float: This refers to how long an activity can be delayed. Activities A, B, C, and D are on the project critical path. The timeline for work can be postponed without impacting the program's deadline. Project management team is responsible for many activities; all of the following activities are part of project management team responsibility except:A critical activity in project management is any task that stakeholders must complete on schedule to meet project deadlines. Tags: PMP Schedule Management. PERT Formula is one on the ways for doing three point estimation. constraint-generated total float would actually make the path longer, with total float being part of the shortest possible duration for the overall project. You've used a computer to generate a schedule, but have you ever wondered what the terms Early Start, Late Finish, Total Float, or Critical Path really mean? This paper offers. Critical path method is a project management technique that helps assess and prioritize tasks, and determine the project's timeframe. Activity 5 has a float of 14 - 9, which is 5. Total Float and Free Float for an activity may be the same or different depending on the other activities in the schedule diagram. ES = Early Start, EF = Early Finish. Cost Variance (CV) Formula: CV PMP Exam Guide. i-e, Activities without a successor or predecessor. Project Float which is the amount that you can delay a project without delaying the next project. Critical Path Method (CPM) is a project schedule modeling technique. If an activity is on the CP, its total float must be zero. LS (Late Start) – ES (Early Start) or LF (Late, Finish) – EF (Early Finish) Download the excel sheet : PDM METHOD. Total float vs. In this video, you will learn how to use the information on a task table to create a project schedule network diagram, then perform critical path analysis i. First things first… on the PMP Exam, Float is also written as Slack. The different Types of float are Free Float, Total Float, Project Float, Interfering Float, Independent Float. PMP Exam Tips Project Time Management: Free Float vs Total Float for PMP Exam by Edward Chung, PMP, PMI-ACP, ITIL Foundation · January 8, 2020 In. In the Views list, double-click Detail Gantt. The difference between them is entirely contextual. The Backward Pass also establishes the total float in the network. Negative float occurs in Primavera P6 when the total float is less than Zero, which means that the critical activities in the original plan (activity with zero total floats) are being delayed and the original project completion date is delayed. , dependencies) among the project activities [1]. Possitive Float is amount of time available to complete non-critical activities or work items without affecting the total project durationSchedule variance is part of Earned Value Management and helps project managers determine if a project is ahead of or behind schedule and by how much. Updated: 04-11-2017 CPA Exam For Dummies with Online Practice Explore Book Buy On Amazon After you calculate the early and late start and finish dates, you can determine. Project management formulas to calculate total float / free float. The drag of activity C is 5 days, the lesser of the parallel activity total float and the original duration of C. A PERT chart is a network diagram that allows project managers to create project schedules. Free Float represents the amount of time that an activity can be delayed before any successor’s activity will be delayed. Float: Float in project management refers to time elapse or delay. exper. Total Float is the maximum amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the project whereas Free Float is the amount of time an activity can be delayed without impacting the Early Start date of any of its immediate successors. Megan Bell. Float or Slack is again an activity duration unit where a task can be delayed without having impact on early start date of successor task (free float) or project duration (Total Float) or customer. It seeks to facilitate and expedite project work through the use of standard procedures. Free float is the timeframe during which a task can be moved without affecting other tasks. (Sometimes it seems that we try to make things. Total Float: Amount of time an activity can be delayed without effecting the Project Completion date. It’s easy to use with workflow. In project management, the network diagram is a graphical depiction of a project schedule which uses boxes to represent each task. Free Float in CPM. Within project management, there are different types of float: free float, total float, and project float. total float. i) Digging and pouring footings – 5 days. This gives you to total time or “buffer” you have to play with for this activity, before. Float is a valuable parameter for program planning, controlling projects, and coordinating tasks without delaying the overall system. 3- The project owns the total float: This is the fairest scenario in my opinion. Total Float: The total amount of time that a schedule activity may be delayed from its early start date without delaying the project finish date, or violating a schedule constraint. Total Float is the maximum amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the Project. Using the Primavera P6 Filter dialog you can create a Near Critical filter using the “is within range of” option in the ‘Is’ column alongside the Total Float parameter. Regular project reports keep all of your stakeholders on top of what is happening with the project. The original duration of B is 20, so the drag of B is therefore 15. For activity B, the total float is 11 weeks; you could delay activity B by 11 weeks without delaying the project. 7. Critical Path Analysis (CPA) is a project management technique that helps identify the critical tasks and the amount of time required to complete them. " The total float is split between sequential actions. Positive float means that there is more time available for an activity in the project schedule. D, Msc, MBA, PfMP,PgMP,PMP,RMP,PBA,PRINCE2,PMOC. October 1, 2022. Now Calculate the total float of an activity using the following steps. -- 2nd ed. Float, sometimes called slack, is the amount of time an activity, network path, or project can be delayed from the early start without changing the completion date of the project. Another way of looking at negative float is the time beyond the scheduled completion date that a project or activity requires to achieve completion. So the DCMA 14-point assessment supports negative float. Unless specifically asked for free float in questions consider float=total float. Activity D’s 10-day original duration is greater than G’s 5-day total float. The former is called “free float”, and the latter is called “total float”. Take the Task B, for it total float = LS - ES = 6 - 3 = 3 days. トータルフロート はパスに関連付けられる。. Commit additional resources to work on the zero float tasks that will move the project finish date forward. Which activities have path (total) float available: _____ 2. 10-year professional project management & consultancy in the industries of banking, finance and IT. Suggested Answer: A 🗳️ Total float or slack is computed by subtracting the early start date from the late start date, or 19 גˆ’ 10 = 9. Total float refers to the amount of time an activity can be delayed without affecting the project's overall duration. It is the amount of time an activity can be delayed without impacting other activities or the project end date and changes over the course. This post will outline how to enable the Total Slack, Free Slack and Negative Total Slack in MS Project. Here are some tips to help you make the most of it: Create a detailed project schedule: This includes mapping out all tasks, dependencies, and deadlines. when the INDF is a negative value, we set the value to zero. If you have a constrained finish date for the project, the Baseline Schedule should have a Total Float value of 0. A concept related to, and crucial for using the Critical Path Method is float or slack. Northeastern University. 2. We can identify two float types: free float and total float. In Primavera P6 there are two main reasons for existence of negative float: 1. Interfering float is that part of the total float which causes a reduction in the float of the successor activities. In the above diagram, Free Float for activity F = ES of H - EF of F - 1 = 11-10-1 = 0. It represents the total amount of time a task can be delayed without causing a delay to the project. This is the most accurate method, and is used when significant detail is known, but it is the most time-consuming and expensive form of. A project network diagram helps project managers simplify a complex project plan, enabling them to see the project network. Besides, there are two popular tools carrying the same names. In this article, we’re going to look in. Free Float = ES2 – EF1. The easiest cause to spot is when constraints are introduced that cannot be met. There are 4 types of dependencies in project management viz. Within the PMP® exam, formula questions fall into three general types: (1) PURPOSE, what the purpose of each PMP® formula is, (2) CALCULATION, what are values used to calculate PMP® formulas, and (3) APPLICATION, how a PMP formula applied. So, to stay on the critical path, ensure no activity has a free float value larger than the total float. ”. The formula for calculating slack time (ST) is simple. subsequent tasks (" free float ") project completion date (" total float "). Total Float: Amount of time an activity can be delayed without effecting the Project Completion date. Total float is the total amount of time an activity on the schedule network diagram can be delayed without affecting the project finish date. Activities on the critical path have ZERO float. This post will outline how to enable the Total Slack, Free Slack and Negative Total Slack in MS Project. 34% on either side of the mean. Total float, free float. 2- You should not have any open ends. Check out for more free engineering tutorials and math lessons!Project Management Tutorial: What is total float (total slack) an. Track progress regularly: Stay on top of project developments and update your schedule as. On the other hand, activities 1 and 2 have total Float. The elements that are frequently. . Total Float = LS – ES or LF – EFIn preparing for the PMP certification exam, it's vital to perceive the use, connection, and differences of cost-free suspended vs. The total Float value for the activities assigned to a weather calendar would also be different. Project Management Professional (PMP)®. To choose, what type of critical path you want in Primavera P6, change the settings of the project. Project Management Academy’s free PMP exam practice questions are based on relevant A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide) topics. Critical Path Analysis Example – Using 0 and 1 Method. This refers to a task that needs to be completed so quickly there isn’t any room for delays at all. This is necessary until program leaders can regulate time effectively. The float of an activity is determined after you have created a Precedence Diagram and identified the critical path. When you reach the activity labeled as 6. Sometimes reflected to as “slack,” float connects with project scheduling, schedule network diagrams, and aforementioned critical paths of a project. Project Management Articles. This is also why a set period impact to the schedule, such as 30-day delay in receiving direction. This can be calculated by using the formula: LF – EF = total float. Free float refers to the amount of time an activity can be postponed before it delays a successor. The result is the total float for that task. It typically indicates a missed date somewhere along the Critical Path. Positive Float. The critical path method (CPM) is a project management technique that’s used by project managers to create an accurate project schedule. Using a CPM/PERT network enables project managers to analyze a project schedule so as to understand the impact of possible changes, so as to understand what will happen or what may happen. The amount of time that a scheduled activity can be delayed without affecting the end of the project – aka project float . It is calculated for each activity by subtracting the early finish date from the late finish date. In preparing for the PMP certification check, it's major to understand the use, connect, or differences of free float with. There are two kinds of float, total. You use. Calendar Offsets: In some software, the calendar of a Finish Milestone is effectively imposed on the Late Finish of its predecessors. I am a software engineer by education. These articles cover the complex project management topics not explained well in the PMBOK ® Guide and other PMP Study guides. The Total Float values are a just the product of the forward and backward pass through the CPM schedule network. But a project manager should understand how the system has calculated the values. Take this free practice exam on PMP formulas to familiarize yourself with some of the PMP formula concepts. Technically, there are three different types of float: • Free float This is the total time a single activity can be delayed without affecting the early start of any successor activities. At project management, there are different guitar of flute: free float, total float, and project float. Free float, on the other hand, is the amount of time a task can take before it impacts the next task of the project. A Project Management Professional (PMP) ® Exam Prep CarrierResource smoothing is a technique used in project management to optimize resource allocation without extending project duration. The LBNL EVMS complies with the criteria for project cost and sched-ule control as required by DOE Order 413. Basically, TF and FF are two critical path method terms. Total amount of time an activity can slip from its early start date without causing delay to project completion or violating schedule constraint is called Total Float. 158048846-24858698-Project-Management-Professional-Exam-PMP. Total float is the amount of time a scheduled activity can be delayed without delaying the overall project completion date. I got introduced to Critical Path Analysis in the year 1997. . Practicing PMP questions on my mobile is so easy with this site. What is the total float for this activity? 6 days; 3 days; 1 day; 5 days; ValidateBy Praveen Malik, PMP July 22, 2023. Total Float: Total Float is the amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the project end date or an intermediary milestone. If the business needs to make up this money, your best bet is to secure an. Practice standard for scheduling / Project Management Institute. PMP® Mock Examination – Wishing You Success !!!. In nearly every case where there is Negative Float in a schedule, it will be due to a Constraint somewhere on the Critical Path. GPM® and Forensic Total Float By Dr. Preparation for the PMP® certification exam should be inclusive of all earned. Total float is associated with the path. Project management formula for Late Finish (LS) if the convention that the project starts on day one is adopted. I never thought that total float and free float were different concepts before my PMP exam preparation. The Project Management Professional (PMP) is the world's most prestigious certification in the project management field awarded by the Project Management Institute. When a task may be postponed without impacting the overall timeline, we say it has "total float. Free float B. 1 Project Phases and Organization – Project Management Quality management is a process of continual improvement that includes learning from past projects and making changes to improve the next project. Project Float. Learn more about it here: Negative Float. A Project Supervision Professional (PMP) ® Exam Prep PurveyorTo avoid such errors, there are several check-ups you can perform. Morgan R. Negative float, also known as negative slack, is a common concept in project management that refers to the amount of time that must be saved to complete a project on time. Positive Float. In this case, the critical path is the creation of the press release:Float project management helps you identify individual tasks and project “slack” — that’s how much time and leeway your task has – and helps you use this to determine whether a project schedule is viable and identify which tasks are on a “critical path”. Total float is the duration that a task (or an activity) can be postponed without delaying the project. It doesn’t replace other frameworks but rather works alongside them. Float : LS – ES = 17-7 = 10. Slack is also known as Float in project management. In that case, work to reduce float across the project by ensuring tasks are adequately linked and that unnecessary constraints are removed. Formulas within Project Management. The latest start time (LST) is the last date the task could begin and not cause a delay. Let’s take the project of exam study and preparation as an. Also known as a Gantt Chart. It can be helpful to know these distribution populations from the PMBOK ® Guide: + 1 σ. No one likes to do it, but often it’s necessary and worth it in the end. it means if any activity is delayed 1 day, the project will be delayed 1 day. Free float, on the other hand,. On a critical path, the total float is zero. In project management, float or slack is the amount of time that a task in a project network can be delayed without causing a delay to:: 183 . I used to think she were synonymously. the team Manage and prepares all of the following ; Enterprise Project Structure. Calculating Float in a PND. total float. Among the various boundaries. Create regular project update reports. Total float: To calculate the total float of a task, subtract the task’s earliest finish from its latest finish. . Free float and total float are terms used in project management, specifically in the context of scheduling and managing tasks within a project. Critical Path: The tasks which define the completion date of the project. 3. When a project schedule has multiple activity calendars in use, the Total Float values for a string of activities on the same driven network path may be different. Total Float is the amount of time the project can be delayed without delaying the project finish date. Total Float vs Free Float is one of the most important concepts in PMP Certification training. It refers to the total. Total float is equal to LS-ES or LF-EF. Project finish date is later than our defined “Must Finish By Date”. The PMI’s A Guide to Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® How) usages day can of an project as one. Total float [FLOAT]: an activity can be delayed or extended from its early start date without delaying the project finish date or violating a schedule constraint. ג€ A CPM critical path is normally characterized by zero total float on the. We have written a post that explains how to elaborate the project network diagram step by step. Average float C. There are 4 types of dependencies in project management viz. Tasks on the critical path (critical tasks) have zero total float. What is lead time in project management? Based on PMBOK® Guide Sixth Edition. Total float - The length of time an activity can be delayed from its early start date without affecting the project end date. Float. Determine the latest start time (LST) and the earliest start time (EST). Float is a key piece of the critical path. Total Float and Free Float Project Management by Praveen 3. In this article, we will be discussing total float vs free float. Interfering Float = (Total Float) – (Free Float) 5. 5% of the data points fall within 2 SD. You are a PMP heading the Public Relations (PR) division of Scon, a publicly traded company. If the total float is negative, it means that the project cannot be finished at the desired time without changing the logic or durations. In this case total float of activity E and F are 8. Project management The application of processes, methods, knowledge, skills and experience to achieve specific objectives for change. The Project Management Institute (PMI) notes that after calculating float, a series of critical activities appears. If any activity on the critical path is delayed, the completion of the project will be delayed by an equal amount. B. Example: Suppose you are building a house, and one of the tasks is landscaping. In the. ISBN 978-1-935589-24-2 (pbk. Now total float is calculated as the difference between LS and ES or the difference between LF and EF. If the total float is positive, then the task can be delayed without delaying the completion of the project. Float is also known as slack. Total float is the total amount of time an activity on the schedule network diagram can be delayed without affecting the project finish date. 5. Total float is calculated by subtracting the early start date of a task from its late start date. I learned most of the project management concepts while managing software projects – Critical Path Analysis was one such concept. Finally, you might see the term “zero float time” used in project management. 5% = 47. Constraints affect an activity’s Total Float value. Kelly developed this technique in the late 1950s. PMP Certification Practice Test 7. Start to Finish Relationship (Dependency) in Project Management. Total Float = LS – ES or LF – EFCritical chain project management (CCPM) and the theory of constraints have received much recent attention, but the basic principles underlying them are available through appropriate use of critical path method. Most of the posts here are also. Basically, TF and FF are two critical path method terms. Total float (TF) shows the project completion date and gives the team members flexibility to help them follow the schedule. 18. It is the flexibility or buffer time available within an activity. Any float that Activity C uses isn’t available for Activity E. The ability to determine total floats and the critical path for the as-built portion of a schedule (left of the data date) is solved by the graphical path method (GPM). No Actuals. Total: 72. Total Float’s Post Total Float reposted this Report this post Dr Ahmed Alsenosy Ph. University of Texas. Project management aims to quickly finish. The LF for the activity is 8 days. TF (Total Float) = Simple formula to calculate total float is our usual formula i. Total Float = Late Start date – Early Start date Or. Total Float. 2. Three Outputs result from the schedule network analysis. Float is a measure of flexibility in the project schedule. You can calculate it by subtracting the Early Start date of the activity from its Late Start Date. and the project completion date. The video starts with 3 termsTotal Float, Free Float, and Negative Float. total floats. Project Management Academy's free PMP formula based practice questions are developed from PMBOK® Guide topics. Negative float occurs in Primavera P6 when the total float is less than Zero, which means that the critical activities in the original plan (activity with zero total floats) are being delayed and the original project completion date is delayed. Total Float = LS – ES. The ability to determine total floats and the critical path for the as-built portion of a schedule (left of the data date) is solved by the graphical path method (GPM). "PMP®", and "PMBOK®" are registered marks of the Project Management Institute (PMI). Float management is a project management style known for its flexibility. You will also need to know the value of your project’s planned budget at. Upon completion please enter your information in the fields below to access the results and. Total float: This is the amount of time an activity can be postponed from the early start date before the project's completion date or a scheduling restriction is violated. You calculate the total float by subtracting the Early Start date of activity from its Late Start date. The PMP certification exam has 180 questions and requires a good PMP study. Commit additional resources to work on the zero float tasks that will move the project finish date forward. Total float = LS - ES or LF - EF Free float: This refers to how long an activity can be delayed. The PMP®, or Project Management Professional, is an exam conducted by the Project Management Institute (PMI)®, a globally recognized certification. It is the difference between the latest finish time of the activity in question and the earliest starting time of the. Assemble and add train station. Total float is often known as the slack. Make a list of all the activities of the project along with their dependencies and their specific times. But that diagram does not show the. 2- The contractor owns the total float: In that case, the contractor delays which are relevant to activities with total float are not counted as delays until all the total floats are burned (Although the variance between planned % and Actual % will be impacted). + 3 σ. Critical Path Method Schedule Analysis Total Float Calculation. Free slack (or free float) is the amount of time you can delay a task, without impacting the early start (ES) of the successor(s). Total float is how many delays are allowed from the beginning of the project which will not interfere with the projected completion date. Free Float (slack): The amount of time the activity can be delayed without delaying the early start date of the successor(s)Project Schedule Quality Check #6: The High Float Check. + 2 σ. Compare this with Total Float and Free Float on a Network Diagram. (total float) Lag: the amount of time needed between two dependent activities; Lead: the amount of time an activity can be accelerated in relation to a preceding activity. Total Float and Free Float are used in Critical Path Method (CPM) to. Total float is meant for activities not on the critical path. • TF (Total Float) คือเวลาที่สามารถล่าช้าออกไปได้. Utilisation of the float of an activity may affect the float times of the subsequent activities in the network. Free Float: Free float, also known as "slack," is the amount of. You use both of them while analyzing the project network diagrams and. The second type, free float, indicates how long you can delay an activity without delaying the subsequent tasks. Negative float is the amount of time by which the early date (start or finish) of an activity exceeds its late date. : 508 : 183 If a project network chart/diagram has 4 non-critical paths then that project would have 4 total float. By definition, a float is a difference between the length of the critical path and the non-critical path. Any delay in an activity on. To make the most of the float, it’s. available free float is greater than potential delay). Term #9: Free float (FF) Free float is the same as total float — it even uses the same formula. Glossary of Project Management Terms. If you want to learn how to calculate TF and FF, refer to Total Float vs. It is perfectly fine to use either term in project management. Project Management • ลักษณะของโครงการ คือ งานที่มีจุดเริ่มต้นและจุดสิ้นสุด ซึ่งมักพบ. PMP Bootcamp , Sohel Akhter (PMP, ISMS, CCNA) - sohel_akhter_pm@yahoo. Total Float: On the other hand, Total Float encompasses the total amount of time a task can be delayed without affecting the final project completion date. PMI neither endorses. Step 3: Multiply the answer by 100 to. Why High Total Float Can Be Detrimental to Projects One of the critical aspects of project management: Total float. 4 Float (Slack) Formulas Float (Slack) of an activity determines how long an activity can be delayed without affecting the project end date. Float is a tactic that can be used alongside your existing project management strategies. Accordingly, A, B, and C are critical activities while activity D is non-critical with Total Float (TF) of 3 days. Total Float (TF) Definition: Total float is the amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the overall project finish date. Required fields are marked. A task's delay isn't a big deal if the next task has enough free time to cover it. The two most common types of float are free float and total float. Network Diagrams 3. Includes bibliographical references and index. Project Management frameworks can be a little dry at times, but. Total Float = LS – ES or LF – EF. You use both of them while analyzing the project network diagrams and determining the critical path of a project. While total float is the amount of time a task can be delayed without impacting the completion time of the project as a whole. Accordingly, its formula is as follows: CPI=𝐸𝑉/𝐴𝐶. Two important concepts in CPA are Total Float and Free Float. The certification is an endorsement of project management experience and knowledge of its holder. The result is same while being calculated with MS Project (refer Figure - 1). Total float is a value that is used in analyzing CPM schedules. The amount of time an activity can slip before it affects another activity’s finish date. In order for TF to be zero (as it must be) LS and ES must be equal. If you use level of effort or WBS summary activities in your schedule always make sure that the schedule calculates “Total Float” as. FF (Free Float) = Simple formula to calculate Free Float is ES (of successor) – EF of current activity. Free float and total float - PMP/CAPM from PMI. Join train engine and bogies. The timescale for this bar is ‘Neg Float Bar’. I used to reflect they were synonymous. Free float is the timeframe during which a task can be moved without affecting other tasks. That’s done by using project management tools such as project network diagrams. The threshold is set at 5% or less. Pierian Training My Management Academy Six Sigma Online Uniform Training Velopi Watermark Learning . Total Float (TF) :LS – ES , LF – EF. Float = Late Start (LS) – Early Start (ES) Float =. This paper presents the concept of GPM forensic total float and its role in retrospective schedule analysis, whether in updating or forensic analysis. In a small office construction project, the following activities are scheduled in sequence. The critical path method is a lengthy and complex concept. Using a CPM/PERT network enables project managers to analyze a project schedule so as to understand the impact of possible changes, so as to understand what will happen or what may happen. The slope of activity (D), on the other hand, has been relaxed by simply starting unit. 4- Search for free float and total float and double-click on them to move them to the right where you can find all the columns which will show on your working area. As defined in project management literature: Total Float is the amount of time that a schedule activity can be delayed or extended from its start date (early) without delaying the project finish date. This provides the maximum number of days a task can be delayed without impacting the project’s planned end date. Each type serves a specific purpose and provides valuable insights into project scheduling. PMP EXAM CRAM CasaBlanca Publishing Corp | David Geoffrey Litten 2012 48 Bottom-up estimating. Total float and free float pertain to the measure of time, or planning flexibility, connected with ongoing projects. for activities on a. To calculate the nine days of float, you subtract the early finish from the late finish, or the early start from the late start. Answer. Total Float = The Late Start date – The Early Start date. 5% of the data points fall within 2 SD. Tagged with . Kelly developed this technique in the late 1950s. Let’s look at the four top benefits of introducing float to your project management. The DMCA sets this parameter for testing high float values at 44 days. Once we have the early start and finish times we can get the late start and late finish times via the backward pass. Float is a key piece of the critical path method (CPM), a system used by project managers to efficiently schedule project activities. CPI = EV / AC. Total float is the amount of time a task or a project can be delayed without impacting the overall project completion time. The ability to determine total floats and the critical path for the as-built portion of a schedule (left of the data date) is solved by the graphical path method (GPM). For example, start by comparing the total float and free float values. A task's delay isn't a big deal if the next task has enough free time to cover it. This could either be a free float or a total float. If you don’t see the Free Slack and Total Slack fields, press Tab to move to those fields. Total float is the amount of time a scheduled activity can be delayed without delaying the overall project completion date. Late Start (LS) = LF – Activity Duration (D) + 1; Critical Path PMP Formulas. Trong quá trình thực hiện dự án, luôn có những thay đổi xuất hiện và ảnh hưởng tới dự án, đặc biệt là tới tiến độ. The basic formula for calculating. In project management, free float refers to the duration that spans from the finishing point of a scheduled activity while extending to the. Total float = 9 days. 3. This may confuse someone reviewing the pdf of a schedule, even if the relationship lines are displayed.